Post by Nadica (She/Her) on Dec 7, 2024 5:33:41 GMT
Ocular Adverse Events Following Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection: A Self-controlled Case Series Study from the Entire Korean Population - Published Oct 25, 2024
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the risk of ocular adverse events, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), noninfectious uveitis (NIU), noninfectious scleritis (NIS), optic neuritis (ON), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP), after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
Design
Population-based self-controlled case series (SCCS).
Participants
The study included patients from the entire Korean population of 52 million who experienced incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP between January 1, 2021, and October 29, 2022.
Methods
This nationwide SCCS utilized data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The risk period after infection was defined as up to 24 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Conditional Poisson regression was used to calculate the relative incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the designated risk periods.
Main Outcome Measures
The IRRs for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the risk periods.
Results
The study included 9336, 103 362, 201 010, 25 428, 23 744, 3026, 69 933, and 16 335 cases of incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP, respectively. The IRRs (95% confidence interval) during the early risk period (1–8 weeks) were 0.94 (0.83–1.07), 1.01 (0.97–1.04), 1.00 (0.98–1.03), 0.96 (0.90–1.03), 1.00 (0.94–1.07), 0.97 (0.81–1.17), 0.97 (0.93–1.01), and 1.02 (0.94–1.11), respectively. In the late risk period (9–24 weeks), the IRRs were 1.02 (0.92–1.12), 1.01 (0.98–1.04), 1.01 (0.99–1.03), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 0.99 (0.85–1.15), 1.02 (0.99–1.06), and 0.97 (0.90–1.03), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that in patients with a history of cerebro-cardiovascular disease, the risk of RAO increased during the late risk period, with an IRR (95% confidence interval) of 1.19 (1.02–1.40).
Conclusions
The risk of incident RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP did not increase after COVID-19 infection. The risk of incident RAO increased only in individuals with preexisting cardio-cerebrovascular disease.
Purpose
This study aimed to assess the risk of ocular adverse events, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), noninfectious uveitis (NIU), noninfectious scleritis (NIS), optic neuritis (ON), ischemic optic neuropathy (ION), and ocular motor cranial nerve palsy (OMCNP), after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.
Design
Population-based self-controlled case series (SCCS).
Participants
The study included patients from the entire Korean population of 52 million who experienced incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP between January 1, 2021, and October 29, 2022.
Methods
This nationwide SCCS utilized data from the Korea National Health Insurance Service and the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The risk period after infection was defined as up to 24 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Conditional Poisson regression was used to calculate the relative incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the designated risk periods.
Main Outcome Measures
The IRRs for RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP during the risk periods.
Results
The study included 9336, 103 362, 201 010, 25 428, 23 744, 3026, 69 933, and 16 335 cases of incident RAO, RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, and OMCNP, respectively. The IRRs (95% confidence interval) during the early risk period (1–8 weeks) were 0.94 (0.83–1.07), 1.01 (0.97–1.04), 1.00 (0.98–1.03), 0.96 (0.90–1.03), 1.00 (0.94–1.07), 0.97 (0.81–1.17), 0.97 (0.93–1.01), and 1.02 (0.94–1.11), respectively. In the late risk period (9–24 weeks), the IRRs were 1.02 (0.92–1.12), 1.01 (0.98–1.04), 1.01 (0.99–1.03), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 1.02 (0.97–1.08), 0.99 (0.85–1.15), 1.02 (0.99–1.06), and 0.97 (0.90–1.03), respectively. Stratified analyses showed that in patients with a history of cerebro-cardiovascular disease, the risk of RAO increased during the late risk period, with an IRR (95% confidence interval) of 1.19 (1.02–1.40).
Conclusions
The risk of incident RVO, anterior NIU, nonanterior NIU, NIS, ON, ION, or OMCNP did not increase after COVID-19 infection. The risk of incident RAO increased only in individuals with preexisting cardio-cerebrovascular disease.