Post by Nadica (She/Her) on Dec 4, 2024 3:49:07 GMT
Differences in patient characteristics, treatments, and mortality of COVID-19 between 2022 and 2020–2021 - Published Nov 29, 2024
Abstract
In 2021, vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were developed, and the Omicron variant emerged. This study compared the characteristics, treatments, and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between 2022 and 2020–2021, using administrative claims data linked with vaccine records in a Japanese city. We identified patients underwent COVID-19 antigen or polymerase chain reaction tests and were diagnosed with COVID-19. Patient characteristics, treatments, and mortality were compared between 2022 and 2020–2021 among those diagnosed with COVID-19 and those who died. We identified 26,262 patients with COVID-19. The mortality in 2022 was lower than that in 2020–2021 (0.6% vs. 1.7%; P<0.01). Patients in 2022 were significantly less likely to receive oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal oxygenation, mechanical ventilation, steroid, or tocilizumab than those in 2020–2021. Among the deceased, the proportion of those aged ≥65 years was significantly higher in 2022 than in 2020–2021 (98.4% vs. 88.6%). On logistic regression, older age, male, and ≥3 comorbidities were associated with higher mortality, whereas ≥3 vaccinations were associated with lower mortality. Patients with COVID-19 in 2022 were less likely to require respiratory care or succumb to the disease. Older patients were more likely to die in 2022 than in 2020–2021.
Abstract
In 2021, vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were developed, and the Omicron variant emerged. This study compared the characteristics, treatments, and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between 2022 and 2020–2021, using administrative claims data linked with vaccine records in a Japanese city. We identified patients underwent COVID-19 antigen or polymerase chain reaction tests and were diagnosed with COVID-19. Patient characteristics, treatments, and mortality were compared between 2022 and 2020–2021 among those diagnosed with COVID-19 and those who died. We identified 26,262 patients with COVID-19. The mortality in 2022 was lower than that in 2020–2021 (0.6% vs. 1.7%; P<0.01). Patients in 2022 were significantly less likely to receive oxygen therapy, high-flow nasal oxygenation, mechanical ventilation, steroid, or tocilizumab than those in 2020–2021. Among the deceased, the proportion of those aged ≥65 years was significantly higher in 2022 than in 2020–2021 (98.4% vs. 88.6%). On logistic regression, older age, male, and ≥3 comorbidities were associated with higher mortality, whereas ≥3 vaccinations were associated with lower mortality. Patients with COVID-19 in 2022 were less likely to require respiratory care or succumb to the disease. Older patients were more likely to die in 2022 than in 2020–2021.